RESUMEN
The world is becoming a place where the number of emergencies and humanitarian crises is increasing rapidly due to economic inequality and the gap between developed and underdeveloped countries, as well as climate changes leading to disruption of the natural balance and development of natural disasters. The most vulnerable groups of the population including women and children always are affected by disasters. The younger the child, the more vulnerable he/she is, especially if not naturally fed or having a mother or parents. Various humanitarian organizations have been involved in a number of crises, with the World Health Organization and UNICEF and other United Nations-related organizations leading the way. In the care of mothers, infants and young children, most important is to ensure appropriate nutrition because otherwise it can result in life-threatening health conditions. The lack of protection, support and promotion of natural nutrition (breastfeeding) and its disruption and undermining by uncritical and uncontrolled donations and distribution of infant formula are the biggest challenge due to the lack of information of mothers, those who provide support in emergencies from both governmental and non-governmental sector, without cross-sectoral cooperation, thus causing uncoordinated and sometimes harmful interventions. Therefore, it is recommended that governments issue guidelines on infant and young child nutrition prior to the occurrence of an emergency, and crisis management regulations in which the issue of infant and young child nutrition will be given due consideration.Copyright © 2020 Croatian Paediatric Society. All rights reserved.
RESUMEN
The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented educational disruption in university programs worldwide, with translator education being no exception. The sudden and unplanned transition from campus or blended to online instructional environments, termed "emergency remote teaching" or ERT (Hodges, Moore, et al. 2020), imposed a unique strain on students, teachers and institutions. Aiming to reassess the concept of ERT so as to enable a better response in the future, this study investigates the reflections of nine translation teachers from three universities in Croatia on their ERT experience in the March-June semester of 2020. To this end, three semi-structured focus groups were conducted in July 2020. Results show that the teachers had to adapt to the new learning environment and cater to their students' changed learning and emotional needs, while reorganising their home life and learning new skills. In these circumstances, described by one of the participants as "juggling while running," the social support given and received by teachers was found to be a crucial factor at play. The experience is shown to have had an impact not only on their ERT, but also on their future practices. Some recommendations are drawn in the conclusion.
RESUMEN
The world is becoming a place where the number of emergencies and humanitarian crises is increasing rapidly due to economic inequality and the gap between developed and underdeveloped countries, as well as climate changes leading to disruption of the natural balance and development of natural disasters. The most vulnerable groups of the population including women and children always are affected by disasters. The younger the child, the more vulnerable he/she is, especially if not naturally fed or having a mother or parents. Various humanitarian organizations have been involved in a number of crises, with the World Health Organization and UNICEF and other United Nations-related organizations leading the way. In the care of mothers, infants and young children, most important is to ensure appropriate nutrition because otherwise it can result in life-threatening health conditions. The lack of protection, support and promotion of natural nutrition (breastfeeding) and its disruption and undermining by uncritical and uncontrolled donations and distribution of infant formula are the biggest challenge due to the lack of information of mothers, those who provide support in emergencies from both governmental and non-governmental sector, without cross-sectoral cooperation, thus causing uncoordinated and sometimes harmful interventions. Therefore, it is recommended that governments issue guidelines on infant and young child nutrition prior to the occurrence of an emergency, and crisis management regulations in which the issue of infant and young child nutrition will be given due consideration. © 2020 Croatian Paediatric Society. All rights reserved.
RESUMEN
Background The COVID-19 pandemic spread to Croatia on February 25, 2020, which required a change in the organization of health care institutions and the provision of health services with as few contacts as possible between staff and patients. Besides, Sisak-Moslavina County on December 29, 2020 hit by a strong earthquake that destroyed most of the facilities of the health care system. The pandemic and earthquake have affected adversely the physical, mental, and social well-being of children and their families. Aim To present the organization of pediatric primary health care in Sisak-Moslavina County in the complex conditions of lack of staff, facilities, and equipment after the earthquake during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results In 2020 749 newborns were born In the Sisak maternity hospital, and about 13,000 children live in the earthquake-affected area. Primary pediatric care covers 8,348 children up to 14 years of age, of which 4,736 children up to 7 years of age are cared for by 7 primary pediatric teams. Out of 4 pediatric outpatient clinics (covered by 3 pediatric teams) in Sisak caring for 5,140 children, two work in containers, and one is dislocated in the suburbs of Sisak. From Glina, the primary pediatric outpatient office caring for 1,247 children was moved to Topusko. In the Petrinja area, two primary pediatric teams are working at the same location as before the earthquake and caring for a total of 1,961 children. Thanks to the UNICEF Office for Croatia and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia, containers, and the most necessary equipment for pediatric teams were acquired. The salutogenic approach to the health of families and children was maintained in an emergency, which included breastfeeding support, continued implementation of pediatric preventive health care measures, including vaccination, care for vulnerable groups of children with disabilities and socially deprived children, and intersectoral cooperation. Conclusions It is needed to increase awareness of the community that delivering pediatric health care in emergencies is essential and could be realized if the appropriate number of health care teams is available. Ensuring spatial and all other conditions for their work should be the highest priority in restoration after the earthquake.
RESUMEN
Recent catastrophic consequences of coronavirus pandemic stimulate some deeper analysis of present level of globalization, particularly connected with public health problems. One definition of globalization may be that it is the integration of capital, technology, and information across national borders in a way that is creating a single global market and, to some degree, a global village. Besides economic, it includes many different processes such as development of communications systems, the increase in human mobility, the integration of trade and investment across boundaries, the spread of democracy and human rights, the increasing role of nongovernmental organizations in international politics, the growing concern about global epidemics, and ecological matters such as climate change that are happening at the same time and in many cases reinforcing one another. Up till now, in June 2020, there have been over 20,000 published scientific papers on Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), which is an unprecedented level of interest in any topic in the entire history of science. Besides the described effect of remdesivir on reducing the length of the illness and the announced research on the effect of dexamethasone on reducing the mortality rate, science has not offered any other news on medication effectiveness so far. After the vaccine’s effectiveness in developing antibodies and protecting from COVID-19 is proven, then its safety will need to be proven. Vaccines have to be harmless and their only effect on the organism should be the developing of permanent immunity to the novel coronavirus. However, never have we in history, as humanity, had planned to simultaneously vaccinate 4 or 5 billion people. Most of us welcomed positive globalization process, but with the recent pandemic of corona disease, we are introducing negative part of globalization with many unpredictable developments. Indeed, globalization is both inevitable and usually desirable and contains advantageous and disadvantageous issues. It is a source of both hope and of apprehension and is an accelerating process in flow of information, technology, goods and services, and production means. Globalization has a complex influence on perinatal health. The bonds that link perinatologists together transcend geographic, political, religious, and lingual differences, resulting in a globalization that optimizes perinatal care.